Abstract
Computer software now controls critical systems worldwide. International standards require such programs to be produced from mathematically-precise specifications, but the techniques and tools involved are highly complex and unfamiliar to most programmers. We present a formal basis for extending a tool already used by software developers, the program compiler, to undertake much of the task automatically. This is done by devising a code generation strategy, based on program refinement theory, capable of translating specification constructs embedded in programs into executable code, without the need for programmer intervention.